Persuasive Essay On Gun Control - 1465 Words

After every highly publicized mass shooting, the topic of gun control becomes a political hot potato being juggled by the senators, congressman, and even the sitting president of the United States. It followed the usual pattern of condemning the shooter, questioning the ease in which the shooter was able to obtain guns, and with most mass shootings, proposing a ban on assault files used in the shooting. But within a few months, when the news agencies move onto other headlines, when all the hashtags on Twitter fall out of use, we forget about the gun control measures we were so passionate about and move on with our daily lives. This is when the lawmakers backed by pro-second amendment constituents swoop in and briskly cut down the proposed†¦show more content†¦Although gun ownership does not necessarily lead to more gun deaths, study conducted by the Harvard Injury Control Research Center analyzing the relationship between gun availability and homicide using data from 26 deve loped countries show that where guns are more readily available, there were more homicides. As a result, Americans face greater chance of death by firearms than the next five highest countries combined (â€Å"Homicide† 2). Lawmakers within the state and federal government are attempting to alleviate this problem. However, the majority of focus on gun control comes in the aftermath highly publicized of mass shootings, with lawmakers introducing new bills targeted at assault weapons commonly used in those type of shooting. While lawmakers have focused their efforts on introducing new bills to ban and restrict semi-automatic assault rifles such as the notorious AR-15, the statistics compiled in the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Uniform Crime Report show that rifles accounted for 4 percent of the murders committed between 2006 and 2011 while handguns account for 72 percent (Beckett). These new bills, even when passed, will have little to no effect on reducing the numbe r of gun related death. We must then ask ourselves why would politicians attempt to pass these laws that seek to clamp down on these veryShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay : Gun Control798 Words   |  4 PagesPersuasive Essay Did you know that in the United States almost 100,000 people are shot or killed with a gun in one year? 10,527 people die a year in handgun related incidents in the United States. This number, by far, outweighs the number of gun related deaths in countries such as Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan, which number 13, 22, and 87, respectively. What is the reason for such drastic differences in numbers? Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan are all countries that have stricter gun controlRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1753 Words   |  8 PagesPersuasive Essay Rough Draft The United States of America has a problem that is growing worse every day. American laws are not protecting its citizens from injury or death. You may think the mass shootings in America the guns used were bought illegally, but â€Å"since 1982, there have been at least 62 mass shooter carried out with firearms across the country, with the killings unfolding in 30 states from Massachusetts to Hawaii. Of the 139 guns possessed by the killers, more than three quarters wereRead More Persuasive Articles on Gun Control Essays607 Words   |  3 PagesPersuasive Articles on Gun Control Persuading an audience can be done in several different fashions, one of which is Hugh Rank’s Model of Persuasion. Rank’s model states that two major strategies are used to achieve the particular goal of persuasion. These strategies are nicely set into two main schemas; the first method is to exaggerate an aspect of something, known as â€Å"intensify.† While the second is to discredit it, which is referred to as â€Å"downplay.† Al Franken, Jeffrey SnyderRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1018 Words   |  5 PagesImagine, an America where no citizen, law abiding or not, has the legal ability to own guns. Three gunmen with fully automatic rifles walk into a crowded city and begin firing. No law abiding citizen can defend themselves. It’s hopeless. This future can only be prevented if Americans continue to keep the second amendment. We should keep the current gun control laws, but revise them to make them even better. Most gun own ers are responsible under the current laws, however, I think some laws need to beRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1245 Words   |  5 Pagesand time again. Due to recent tragedies involving firearms, the view of guns and peoples rights to own and operate firearms have been frowned upon and viewed in a bad light due to Media. News sources have cherrypicked pictures of tragedies and stories about bad instances of gun usage in order to fight for Gun Control and the suppression of Americans rights. Due to the recent Vegas shooting, the argument for Gun Control has never been more intense, and Media outlets are having a field day onRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control915 Words   |  4 PagesHistorically guns haven’t been a national issue. It is not until relatively recently that an overwhelming amount of people have been in favor of placing stricter laws on the owning of a fire arm. The call for gun control has become more prevalent in the eyes of the government and the people; the gun laws that are also often proposed are irrational and ineffective. One could not simply ban guns, it is comparable to banning a certain genre of music; it’s unachievable and would be a fruitless pursuitRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1745 Words   |  7 Pagescruelty to animals, and yet he was able to buy four guns legally (Rosenberg). That is the most recent example of why Americans need more gun control laws. Guns are not cool or makes you look good, they are a da ngerous piece of machinery that Americans take advantage of. The average American in the right mindset should not want to own anything more than one handgun or rifle for hunting or protecting their household. Gun control reform that limits gun ownership, enforces mandatory background checks, andRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1439 Words   |  6 Pagesreason why Americans own so many guns is because of the Second Amendment, which states, â€Å"A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a Free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† (Rauch) This amendment guarantees U.S. citizens the right to have firearms. Since this amendment is relatively vague, it is up for interpretation, and is often used by gun advocates to argue for lenient gun laws. Hence, gun control is a frequently discussed controversialRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control967 Words   |  4 Pagessaid gun violence has gotten out of hand. This do esn’t mean that the second amendment is the cause of it. Gun Violence has become such a big part of the Second Amendment since they both play a major part of the gun industry. Guns have become such a powerful source to many individuals. With the second amendment placed, this means we have gun control, which are rules that regulate, the manufacture, possession, modification, or use of firearms by civilians. There should be a stricter law on gun controlRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1634 Words   |  7 PagesOver the recents years, there have been many arguments about the issue of gun control at the state and national level. In California, there have been a variety of enacted laws within recent years to address the issue of growing gun violence around the country and ways to prevent terrorist attacks. California s new enacted laws about gun control in the state range from abolishing certain features on weapons to restricting certain handguns or other firearms a person might buy. The legislative branch

The American Dream in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman...

The American Dream in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman The American Dream ~ for many, it is the unlocked door that leads to happiness. It is the hope for a future filled with success and fortune. Although most people have a similar idea of what the American Dream is, they may have different ideas on how to achieve it. For Willy Loman, a struggling salesman, achieving this dream would be a major accomplishment. Unfortunately, his unusual ideas of how this dream can be achieved prevent him from reaching his goal. Out of all of Willy’s unusual ideas, one major pattern we can notice is how Willy truly believes that popularity and physical appearance are what make people wealthy. We are first introduced to this†¦show more content†¦An example of how Willy depends on popularity to help achieve the dream is seen when Willy is having a flashback in which he’s speaking to both Biff and Happy about having his own business. The boys ask their father if his business will be like their Uncle Charley’s. Willy responds by saying that he’ll be, â€Å"Bigger than Uncle Charley! Because Charley is not- liked. He’s liked, but he’s not- well liked.† From this example, it becomes evident that Willy thinks being â€Å"well liked† can make you successful. The most significant example, however, is also one that takes place in one of Willy’s flashbacks. Again, he is speaking to his sons about becoming successful. He tells them, â€Å"...the man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates personal interest, is the man who gets ahead. Be liked and you will never want. You take me...I never have to wait in line to see a buyer. ‘Willy Loman is here!’ That’s all they have to know, and I go right through.† From these examples, it becomes very apparent that appearance and popularity are unusually important to Willy when it comes to being successful in the business world. As we can see from Willy’s ideas of personal attractiveness, heShow MoreRelated Destruction of the American Dream in Arthur Millers Death of A Salesman834 Words   |  4 PagesDestruction of the American Dream in Arthur Millers Death of A Salesman A white picket fence surrounds the tangible icons of the American Dreams in the middle 1900s: a mortgage, an automobile, a kitchen appliance paid for on the monthly - installment - plan, and a silver trophy representative of high school football triumph. A pathetic tale examining the consequences of mans harmartias, Arthur Millers Death of A Salesman satisfies many, but not all, of the essential elements of a tragedyRead More Failure of the American Dream in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman932 Words   |  4 PagesFailure of the American Dream in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman is a story about the dark side of the American Dream.   Willy Lomans obsession with the dream directly causes his failure in life, which, in turn, leads to his eventual suicide.   The pursuit of the dream also destroys the lives of Willys family, as well.   Through the Lomans, Arthur Miller attempts to create a typical American family of the time, and, in doing so, the reader can relateRead More Failure of the American Dream in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman907 Words   |  4 PagesFailure of the American Dream in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman    In Death of a Salesman, Arthur Miller forces the reader to deal with the failure of the American Dream(Field 2367) and the effect it had on the Loman family, how it ruins the life of Willy, and destroys Biff’s life as well.   By focusing on serious problems that the reader can relate to, Arthur Miller connects us with the characters facing these life-altering crisis.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To Willy Loman success is defined asRead MoreThe Survival of the American Dream in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman1110 Words   |  5 PagesThe term, â€Å"American Dream,† came from American historian James Truslow Adams who first used the term in his published book, â€Å"The Epic of America.† According to Adam himself, he believes that the American Dream is the â€Å"dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement† (Amadeo). The term has been used differently in today’s society and recalls it as maturing, getting married with the love of your life, havingRead More Myths of the American Dream Exposed in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman828 Words   |  4 PagesMyths of the American Dream Exposed in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman    Willy Loman, the lead character of Miller’s play, Death of a Salesman, believes in the myths of the capitalistic society(DiYanni 412). This essay will examine the impact of the capitalistic myths on Willy Lowman.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Willy believes in the myth that popularity and physical appearance are the keys that unlock the door to the â€Å"American Dream†. We are first introduced to the importance of popularity and physicalRead MoreThe Destruction of Willy Lowmans American Dream in Arthur Millers Death of A Salesman626 Words   |  3 Pages In Arthur Millers Death of A Salesman readers are introduced to Willy, an ambitious salesman who just cant seem to get a break despite his drive. Willys life is marked by failure, and an almost stubborn attachment to the idea of striking it big. Willys life is ended by his own hands, the result of a broken dream that lead to a broken spirit. In many senses Willy represents the idea of the everyman, the average working class man trying to get ahead, this is reflected in his attachment toRead MoreThe Importance Of The American Dream In Arthur Millers Death Of A Salesman2107 Words   |  9 PagesThus, in Millerâ€℠¢s Death of a Salesman, the different components of the American Dream can either work together, or destroy an individual in their pursuit of their ultimate goal are represented through Willy’s pursuit a tight-family unit and extreme wealth. The prospect of the American Dream destroying an individual rests upon the definition and action of that same individual. What one individual may see as a success in their pursuit of happiness may very well be seen as a failure in another’s. SomeRead More The American Dream in Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun and Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman 2744 Words   |  11 Pagesago, Americans were fighting for their freedom from Britain. Then, the American dream was to have freedom. To American then, being free and having their own individual country was enough. Up until a few decades ago, African Americans were fighting to have equal rights. They thought this was all they needed and they would be truly happy. Somewhere over the course of time; happiness had a new meaning for all Americans. Now material possessions are what it takes to be happy. The American dream is toRead MoreA Detailed Analysis of Death of a Salesman1199 Words   |  5 PagesLook at Death of a Salesman Death of a Salesman has been accepted worldwide as one of the greatest American dramas to premier in theatre. The story behind the play is based on Miller’s interactions with his Uncle, a salesman whose efforts to obtain the â€Å"American Dream† and pass his success on to his two sons becomes his main focus. Miller’s life during the preparation of Death of a Salesman provides the spark and inspiration needed to pen a literary classic. Almost five decades later, Death of a Salesman’sRead More Destruction of the American Dream in Death of a Salesman Essay1042 Words   |  5 Pagessame dream that says this is a country where anything’s possible. No matter who you are. No matter where you come from.† -- President Obama, Commenting on the American Dream The American Dream is a set of ideals in which freedom includes the opportunity for prosperity and success. It is the belief that, no matter how poor you begin life, you can achieve upward social mobility for your family and children. Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman, crushes the ethos of the American Dream. Miller’s

It’s easy to become a football hooligan! Free Essays

With reference to football hooliganism in Britain and the latest theories and research, state your views to agree or disagree with the statement? Who are hooligans and why do they do it? Discuss the latest theories. Football hooligans are noisy, violent people who want to make trouble. Evidence suggests that most of these hooligans are in their late teens or early 20’s. We will write a custom essay sample on It’s easy to become a football hooligan! or any similar topic only for you Order Now And also that they come from mainly working class backgrounds. It is also suggested that generally hooligans are from low-income occupations- some are unemployed or are working in a poor economy. Hooliganism is actually non-violent. Hooliganism involves verbally abusing rival fans, threatening them with attack and most of the time they aim to have a laugh. Although seem of them do seem more interested in fighting rival groups who are, like themselves, looking for trouble. What is the motivation of the hooligans? There are many theories for this. The main reason is said to be the risk and excitement involved in hooliganism drives people (esp. them who are in their late teens or early 20’s). For example, the British sociologist Paul Willis (sociologist analytical theory) talks about the tension involved in the fight situations and the risk in these attractive situations is what makes them do it. The sociological approach also states that male hooligans are formed because young men are expected to be able to look after themselves. Fights can be prepared for and enjoyed, not only because of the risk in it but also because of how these fights make the hooligans feel cool and masculine (i.e. manly). Young men like these defend their own, their gang’s, and their town’s reputation against similar rivals who are aimed at playing against their hosts. Most of this engagement is about insulting and verbally abusing opposing fans, but core hoo ligans also enjoy a fight when they can get one. Not only this, but the rewards involved in such activities like the loyalty and the entertainment you get from hooligan involvement is very valuable for these young men whose opportunities for status and excitement from other ways are very limited. Heavy drinking, for example, is often considered having a good day out. Hence hooligans do this to get status and loyalty in the society also. The sociological approach also states that hooligans behave in this manner to act cool and to show-off (i.e. get attention). For example hooligans come wearing very fashionable casuals and try to compete with their hooligan rivals on the means of stylish and expensive clothing. The socialist approach also tells us to read the act of hooliganism as a form of resistance to the intrusion of more middle class sensibilities1 into sport and local cultures. The anthropology approach is more bent towards the theory that hooliganism is performed because of its attractions as social drama and the opportunity it provides for a sense of belonging, for competition and risk, achieving honor and throwing shame on rivals. Another approach/theory is the social-psycological one, which is based more on the meaning of the activity itself than on the social background of those involved. They see hooliganism as an example of the search for a peak experience, which is an intense, emotional experience not usually, encountered in everyday life. Peak experiences allow for an open expression of collective emotionality: an outpouring of joy or sadness, and a strengthening of a common social identity via suporting a team. Hooligans, like other fans, seek peak experiences through their involvement in football. These were the three theories for why do hooligans do what they do. All of these theories are convincing though we still do not have all the data required to agree or disagree with the statement. Do only the English Produce Hooligans? No. There have been many cases of hooligan violence in other countries- even the more serious ones. Some examples would be: * In December 2000 a match between Strasbourg and Metz in the French First Division was abandoned because an assistant referee was injured by a firecracker. * In Italy, hooligan groups known as ‘ultra’s’ clashed with rival firms and the police. * In Greece, AEK Athens were banned from playing in their own stadium for four matches after their fans threw missiles and invaded the pitch during a Greek Cup tie with Olympiakos. * Perhaps the most serious football-crowd disorder takes place in Eastern Europe, sub-Saharan Africa and South America where serious crowd rioting is much more common place than in the U.K. So it is not only UK who suffers from these troublemakers. Most of the world does. Is their hooliganism in other sports? Yes. Certainly there is. Hooliganism at sports like boxing, rugby league and cricket provoke very regular panics about the behavior of spectators. There have been disturbances even at horseracing competitions. But the difference is that hooliganism at football gets lots of newspaper coverage while the others don’t. And nor are these problems as routinised as they seem to be at football. I have seen hooliganism in Cricket myself in a match between England and India in India where some people started throwing water bottles (known as water missiles) and other stuff on the English cricket players. As we have read from the theories, the main of hooligan-like behavior is to get loyalties, be honored, and be involved in risk. Though the difference was that since it was an International match in India- there was no hooligan in the rivalry. Hooliganism is not tied to a sport as I said. Hooligans disturb matches because of the many reasons I have explained from the three different theories. Why is hooliganism linked to football? Well, I think that hooliganism is related to football simply because of the explanation given by the social theory and the others. The socail-pyschological theory tells us that these football fans have a passion for football. Hooliganism is a way to search for a peak experience, which is an intense, emotional experience not usually encountered in everyday life. Peak experiences allow for an open expression of collective emotionality: an outpouring of joy or sadness, and a strengthening of a common social identity via suporting a team. And since football is the world’s most popular and one of the most intense sports it has got more advertisement in that manner. Hooliganism in football would hence be the easiest and best way to get loyalties, raise your status, have a peak experience and have risks. This is what I believe. Does drink have a part? Yes, but not all the time. In the English society, drinking heavily is considered being manly. Males of all social classes are often encouraged to celebrate special occasions with their male friends by drinking to excess. Football trips abroad seem regularly to involve male fans drinking heavily together in situations where drink is cheap and easily available. On occasions like this, situations can get out of control because Englishmen placed in an unfamiliar, and perhaps threatening culture have had too much to drink. This may increase the chances of serious hooliganism. However, it cannot be said that drink is the cause of hooliganism- yes, it can make it worse. Are political groups involved? There is no real evidence that such organizations are actively and effectively controlling hooliganism in England or anywhere else. Though yes, there are rumors, which cannot be, carried true until and unless evidence is provided. What is the role of the media? It is true that newspapers report on football using the language which seems to derive more from the world of war than it does from sport. Maybe this helps to heighten rivalries between opposing fan groups. And my sources also inform me that so do the predictions newspapers sometimes used to make that trouble is likely to occur between rival fans. Media coverage of hooligan activities worked at promoting if not causing hooliganism. The main reason for this which comes to my mind is that since the hooligans are doing this to get honored and be involved in risk (using the theories) media coverage will amplify and multiply the effects and its significance. After answering these questions I can discuss a lot on whether I agree or disagree with the statement that â€Å"It’s easy to become a football hooligan!† Well, it is not easy to become a football hooligan- (from the theories we have) the situations and mental conditions of a person have to be very in a particular way to be a hooligan. In the below paragraphs (and some of the paragraphs I have already written) you will get to know from me that I do agree with the statement and I don’t also. It is easy to become a football hooligan only if the situations are perfect i.e. you are mentally down, you want to be entertained- to be noticed, to be involved in risk, you want loyalties, you want to act cool or you deeply love your football club (which is the least chance for a person to become a hooligan). Also it depends upon which nationality or culture you are from. For example the Indian culture doesn’t encourage us to drink (which may make situations worse) nor does it encourage us to get involved into fights of some kind. Generally it is very rare for Asians (i.e. Eastern hemisphere) to get involved in these hooligan fights. Not only this, but it depends upon the stable mentality of the person- if you are not mentally stable and are looking for attention- hooligan behavior might be the answer for your prayers. Also it matters what your status is in the society. If you are at a high post- fights and verbal abuses including so much life risk would not be the thing you would want to do- this may hurt your reputation. It is generally found that youths (late teens and early twenties) are the ones involved in such activity. This is because of the mental imbalances going on in their mind and how they react to what they see in the society. If you live in an environment where there is some existence of shame and security, a person would not get involved in such activities, (which is again found widely in the Eastern Hemisphere). If you looked at what the sociological theory is closely: The rewards involved in such activities like the loyalty and the entertainment you get from hooligan involvement is very valuable for these young men whose opportunities for status and excitement from other ways are very limited. Now, if you get opportunities and excitement and the involvement in risk (if required) from other ways (excelling in studies, participating in state or club teams and gaining reputation etc.) these activities will not at all be necessary to do. There is some affect of how you are brought up and what environment you live in. Peer pressure comes into play. And so do so many other factors. What I mean to say is that it depends upon how you are suppressed under the factors i.e. are all the factors positive to say that your requirements are of one to become a hooligan. It is very hard to answer this question that why some young men, rather than others, might find this sort of activity attractive and rewarding. Nor is it clear why, at particular times and in particular kinds of societies or in particular places, hooliganism of this kind should become so attractive. What my opinion is that things should match with those in the theories to give us some sense of realization that this person might be a hooligan because of these reasons. It is not easy to become a hooligan but it is not hard also. How to cite It’s easy to become a football hooligan!, Papers

Procurement of Labour By International Companies

Question: Discuss about theProcurement of Labour By International Companies. Answer: Introduction The report takes an in-depth look into the working of Construction companies working abroad. At this moment different aspect of recruitment from various nations is looked into whereby the legal, social, economic factors too would get an insight. The ways to manage the cultural and social issues to maintain a working relationship between the workforces is discussed. Further, the effects that may put a barrier would be critically analyzed with preventive measures that may be followed in such case. Various industrial examples from Construction Company sourcing manpower from other nations would be highlighted discussed and seen to find pros and cons of sourcing from different cultures and social background. The benefits as well and the difficulties are being studied here for the overview of the manpower sourcing from abroad (El-Higzi, 2002). Construction Industry The international business of construction has seen a boom post reforms in the World Trade Organization with Its General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) treaty. Several other continental treaties have then taken place. However, not all construction companies wish to venture abroad as it includes a great amount of risk. Not understanding the Political, social, economic, cultural aspects may make the business show its failure in the Domestic market as well. Nevertheless, great deals of nations have come to the free trade agreements and have engaged in trans-border construction business along with other businesses. The communication and transport business technology and business developments have made it more probable to happen. Hence, transnational investments in infrastructure are very much in the broad picture (Gunhan and Arditi, 2005). The globalization has brought in the needed competition in the business where the consumers have the power of bargaining. Thus the services and innovations in this field are happening fast. Risk diversification may bring in risk in other forms like manpower problems which are not unusual in the industry. The people in search of work are venturing into foreign markets to fulfill the needed manpower gaps (Shen et al., 2001). For example, the Saudi Arabia or UAE in the Middle Eastern nations, have people coming from various nations to work on the projects taken up by various European and US based construction companies. The International projects for the business of US or Europe become tough due to the complex situation of manpower coming in. The state may have its policy while the company its own. There the differences are usually settled at the basic stages. The South East Asian nations which have an inferior economy are the largest source of labor in the industry in this region. The worth of this market is USD 3 trillion while the developing nation's market share is USD 750 Billion. This segment is the largest regarding active international players (McCaffree, 2008). The business success is dependent on how the business manages this complex network of Client, people in the business along with profitability from the projects. The basic motive of construction business like any other is profits, market diversification ensuring domestic market fluctuations being well handled and keep up the margins for the shareholders during the time of stress. The diversification comes at a risk where the network of manpower resources, the major tangible resource comes in (Yates, 1994). The development of a global strategy based on few basic nations, understanding and performing well their guarantees the confidence to diversify. The knowledge gained in the process of foreign ventures helps to sustain and drive the global business development ideas forward. The construction markets are largely based out of the developing nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America and those in Central and Eastern Europe. Hence, the businesses which have developed their competence in the local market in a specific field look for the entry in the other market with the previous credentials (Hancock et al., 1996). However, there are strategies that which gives the business a guideline is as follows: Market selection with characteristic, component and strategic advantage study, Managing the Marketing Mix where product pricing and policy mix is well suited for the business, The knowledge of international transactions and billing process and guarantee market studies, Organizational Structure that suits the particular market and choice of management strategies that needs to be adopted, Policies of participation like agreements and such deal documentations (Kaming et al., 1998). These give the business the go-ahead for the venturing in the foreign markets. Managing the staff therein for immigrated or local staffs is the question this strategic for the business deploys. The studies show that the best of Global infrastructure consultants comes from America, Japan and European firms. Hence, the strategies they adopt are acquisition of the local counterparts, joint venture with a local construction company and of course Global revenue from various sources to go global (Yates, 1995). The exporting of the construction is the way to go global needs a proper understanding of the market and its culture therein for a foreign investor. Thus the domestic market risks are reduced with foreign ventures. The level of demands, trade regulations, political climate and manpower skills available to have the job done are few aspects these companies looks into. Thus it helps the firm to determine the standardized or adaptive code of business market they are in. The marketing str ategies and expenditure or returns from those projects, form a huge role in making the investment decisions for an infrastructure company (Sayem, 2012). Manpower of the Industry The construction industry is a very manpower oriented industry which needs such manpower and outsources it from the lesser economies so that the most profitable ventures can be accommodated. The lesser economies provides the venture with needed source of manpower who wish to raise their standard of living by working in these upmarket economy projects that earns well for the brand and thus people working therein (Thomas, 2002). However, each business has its own kind of need like foreign market regulations to get the manpower needed for such projects. The business has to be clear about the laws of the land and strategise its manpower needs likewise. These tributes to nationality requirements, facilitation of entry and stay till the services are done, accelerating the licensing of foreign professional for best of outputs, an outlet in the nation of business that may conduct the processes and possibility of considering the qualifications acquired by the foreign professionals (Jaselskis and Talukhaba, 1998). However, the developed and developing nations have their own nature of development programs. Hence, planning, resource allocation, cost efficiency, supervision are few aspects those becomes primary in a foreign construction project. The government regulations are very fragmented in across these industries depending on the land and place the project is happening. The wages forms a major part where the education and manpower skills make the barrier to introduce local faces in the workforce. Further, to become a global economy the professional and infrastructural needs may not be present where the firm may fall into a space where the trading space, technology available, skills availability, physical equipment and finance may cause problems. The developing economies often shows a lack of investment and infrastructure development capability to its developed counterparts as the resource like finance and budgets often gets a change with change in political or social changes in the nation (J indas Gade, 2016). Productivity of a personnel is dependent upon the technology and instruments used for the projects makes the Source of labour, Skill levels and proportion of labour as well as mechanization makes a lot of difference in the productive outputs of a certain economy. The extent of mechanization would lead to labour choice and skill needed for the sector. In developing economies a larger plant with skilled labour is more effective than smaller plant with more labour intensive production. Further, the skill of the labour gang too determines the kind of supervision needed to maintain such a gang of labours. Nevertheless, the cultural and political implication of labour resources being brought into a nation may also affect the choice of labour. Again, local political ethnic representation in the work or labour supply is another issue which needs to be dealt with and acted as per the situation. Nevertheless, on the job training is at times taken up by the host government to supply quality lab our to attract multinational companies to work in those economies (Kapila and Hendrickson, 2001). Safety and Security at the Job The issues of social and economic development play an important role in the host nation where the construction company is supposed to work. The role of the legislations to protect people from lack of statutory regulations, labour intensity and inadequate infrastructure are few among many which also determine the role of labour in the nation. The construction accidents are common and the source of de-motivation among the labour force. Hence the way the safety and security of the job is dealt with is important for the company to continue working on a site and thus keep expanding as per their objectives. The workers in some case do not want improvements in site safety and security of life as they find it natural in the business to see tragedy of such nature. Working standards and statutory regulations along with their implementation are very much a deed of the day as they are habituated to apathy of the construction companies at home (Vu and Carmichael, 2009). Nevertheless, the construction companies are seeing improvements in the shared responsibility of developed and developing nations in this sector. The use of safety gears and proper standard safety education are coming in fast to fill the space which was vacant for some time (Zhi, 1995). However, the people associated with the business have to be competent in the cause where they wish to see the change and find security of job after pointing out the gaps in safety measures. The studies have shows that the sector of construction has people who get motivation from the scale of pay, good relationship with the employer and workmates and a good overtime payments for the extra hours put in. Such aspects are the issues which at times are missed in developing economies due to pressure of employment in developing economies. The job is more important than the safety and security issues which vary from one culture to another depending upon where the construction is ongoing (Loosemore and Muslman i, 1999). Technology of plants and equipment vary in many different economies due to difference in the Research and development initiatives in those nations. This creates the difference in the technical outcome of the process if they are not addressed with much deeper thoughts and actions. The climatic extremes, innovations, inappropriate material of work, skill of the people working, geo-ethnical problems and inadequate maintenance or inadequate design for such conditions makes the most of the problems related to job safety and security of the people involved (Mohamed, 2004). National and Cultural Differences in Manpower sourcing The understanding of cross-cultural differences is important for the industry which the globalization has brought in. Most of the Latin American Jobs are designed by the Canadian and US infrastructure enterprises and executed by German or English Companies with materials coming from China and Australia. One aspect of design and its significance in geopolitical scene is the design of roofs and basement strengths of the buildings. The difference is valuable for both the designers and end users as each part of the globe has its own geological aspect that would make the engineering practices and approaches different in various terms (Williams and Lilley, 1993). Further the parties involved in international business are dependent on the parties those affects the working of the firm outside its territory in terms of those stakeholders organizational cultures and practices. The culture here is significantly divided into national and organizational culture for this sector. The national cultu re signifies the shared values and typifies the society which lies beneath it. The dressing styles, food habits, mannerism, code of conduct are few to mane in the case of cultural differences. Thus one has to know what they may expect when travelling from one economy to other (Greer and Ford, 2009). The organizational culture symbolize the single specific trait of a culture where the code of business is directed for all irrespective of culture or geopolitical location to give a unity of behaviour at work. This indicates the organizational value chain and infrastructure with management control over people in the organization. The ethnic culture may make one think or behave in manner which may not befit the culture of others thus the organizational culture gives the direction needed to build the controls clear and have fairness in its dealings. The cultural dimensions which give the people of a culture aspects which may be absent in others (Thieblot, 2002) Uncertainty avoidance: Some cultures do not want to take risk in terms of uncertainty and some are willing to take more risk. Individualism vs. Collectivism: Individualism is linked with one-upmanship whereas collectivism is where all takes a collected decision and work towards it. The western cultures which gives more stress on individual success and leadership while the Eastern cultures like Japan and Korean depend on collective work where individual interest is not as much as the group decision is concerned (Raftery et al., 1998). Power Distance: In some culture the boss and subordinate relationship sees a huge gap as the eastern civilizations shows here the boss directs and the workers follows it with utmost obedience. The west however gives the chance to shorten the gap between the people and the boss. Here all have a say and have opinion which are taken into consideration. Thus, the power gap suggests the opinion of the people and their importance in decision making. Masculinity vs. Femininity: The masculinity suggests the ambition and male power dominance in the culture while feminism is associated with humanitarian values and personal relationships, sympathy and interdependence (Ofori, 2003). These are few aspects that cross-cultural communication present a challenge for the people in an organization which has a diversified group of people in the folds of the workmen. The Pros and Cons of International Labour procurement The people when procured for the construction jobs from various cultures make the stage complex which has both its positives and negatives. The positives are that the gang of people for the construction job of the needed nature of skills and technology knowledge available with them. The one with little or no cross-cultural competence makes the business operations complex for the people working on a project for the management to control or get the best out of them. Further, the dispute between people of various cultures makes the working situations complex in a culture gap where miscommunication is the main trait of such gap. The miscommunication along with social and ethnic discrimination is an issue that one may feel in a different nation (Pheng and Leong, 2000). The pros are like that the construction company in a region may get the needed labor force from a different economy with the needed skills at various levels where the economic difference between two nations makes it an attractive prospect. The cross-cultural issues may arise at various levels of the business which needs an instant solution to keep the operations running without any loss of precious time. Gestures, words, and behavior may be the cause of grievance for one set of people due to the ethnic ways of various cultures. These are the cons which may be settled with interactive sessions and a well documented and applied an organizational policy which makes the work regulated and gets a free flow (Dillon et al., 2013). The managers have to be well aware of the people they are working with and the kind of supervision that would suit the job the best along with team formation with best of skills for a particular job. Cross-cultural issues at an organizational level are best settled with the directive of policies and well adherence to it in times of crisis. The economic benefits for the company into construction in a different land are the beneficiary in case of transcultural migration for jobs in search of a better life back home. However, the level of satisfaction in a job makes it important for the construction company to carry on with their agenda (Ramcharran, 1998). The Ways to Avoid Cultural Pitfalls The cross-cultural pitfalls are well attended with best of cross-cultural issue understanding and actions to revisit them on time. The clarity of the ideas associated with the job has to be clear to all and to get more understanding of the people's knowledge of what is being propagated can be measured with a small question answer session. The people have to be made free in such a condition where they may ask questions for more clarity and get the answer. The details of the stages of construction and each of the people associated and their involvement makes a huge difference. A summary of the decisions made has to be communicated to all, and their suggestions and questions need to be answered to get the needed and intended clarity in the job role. This simplifies the man to man communication and makes the people understand what is expected out of them along with their rights and responsibilities (Volpp, 2011). Conclusions The different cultural aspect of the economies is discussed along with the web of the operational network that the construction business has generated post-globalization. The pros and cons of having an immigrating labor force in the construction business are common due to skill gaps or necessary manpower required to do business in a certain state. The management approach, as well as policy framing and making it known to all, is a way to solve the problem. The ways to avoid the cultural pitfalls in manpower procurement in the construction business at different levels and the ways to address the grievances remains the cornerstone of such policy. References Dillon, H., Adair, L., Wang, Z. and Johnson, Z. (2013). Slow and steady wins the race: Life history, mate value, and mate settling.Personality and Individual Differences, 55(5), pp.612-618. El-Higzi, F. A. (2002) Examining international trade flow for Australian construction companies, International Journal of Social Economics, 29(6), 491-507. Greer, B. and Ford, M. (2009). MANAGING CHANGE IN SUPPLY CHAINS: A PROCESS COMPARISON.Journal of Business Logistics, 30(2), pp.47-63. Gunhan, S. and Arditi, D., (2005) Factors affecting international construction. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management-ASCE, Vol. 131, 273-282. Hancock M., Ghai V. and Root, D. (1996)."Selection and Training of Expatriate Managers in Multi-National Construction Firms", Internal unpublished paper, University of Bath, UK. Jaselskis, E. and Talukhaba, A. (1998) Bidding considerations in developing countries. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, ASCE, 124(3), 185-192. Jindas Gade, R. (2016). A Proposed Solution to the Problem of Construction Industry Overruns: Lean Construction Techniques and Linear Programming.Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(25). Kaming, P.F., Holt, G.D., Kometa, S.T. and Olomolaiye, P.O. (1998). Severity diagnosis of productivity problems a reliability analysis. International Journal of Project Management, 16(2), 107-113. Kapila, P. and Hendrickson, C. (2001) Exchange rate risk management in international construction ventures, Journal of Management in Engineering, ASCE, 17(4), 186-191. Loosemore, M. and Muslmani, H.S. (1999) Construction project management in the Persian Gulf: inter-cultural communication, International Journal of Project Management, 17(2), 95-100. McCaffree, K. (2008). Regional Labor Agreements in the Construction Industry.Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 9(4), p.595. Mohamed, S. (2004) Performance in international construction joint ventures: modelling perspective. J. Construction Engineering and Management, ASCE, 129(6), 619-626. Ofori, G. (2003) Preparing Singapores construction industry for the knowledge-based economy: practices, procedures and performance. Construction Management and Economics, 21(2), 113-125. Pheng, L.S. and Leong, C.H.Y. (2000) Cross-cultural project management for international construction in China, International Journal of Project Management, 18(5), 307-316. Raftery, J., Pasadilla, B., Chiang, Y.H., Hui, E.C. and Tang, B.S. (1998). Globalization and construction industry development: Implications of recent developments in the construction sector in Asia, Construction Management and Economics, 16(6), 729-737. Ramcharran, H. (1998), Obstacles and opportunities in international engineering services, Journal of Management in Engineering, ASCE, 14(5), 38-46. Sayem, M. (2012). Values Orientation in Business Through Service Innovation: A Conceptual Framework.International Journal of Managing Value and Supply Chains, 3(4), pp.1-12. Shen, L. Y., Wu, G. W. C. and Ng, C .S. K. (2001) Risk assessment for construction joint ventures in China. J. Construction Engineering and Management, ASCE, 127(1), 76-81. Thieblot, A. (2002). Technology and labor relations in the construction industry.Journal of Labor Research, 23(4), pp.559-573. Thomas, H.R. (2002) Construction practices in developing countries Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, ASCE, 128(1), 1-7. Volpp, L. (2011). Framing Cultural Difference: Immigrant Women and Discourses of Tradition.differences, 22(1), pp.90-110. Vu, A. and Carmichael, D. (2009). Cultural Difference and Conflict Management - A Vietnamese-Australian and Construction Industry Case Study.International Journal of Construction Management, 9(2), pp.1-19. Williams, R. G. and Lilley, M. M. (1993) Partner selection for joint venture agreement. International Journal of Project Management, 11(4), 223-237. Yates, J.K. (1994). Forces driving competition in the EC Industry in the 1980s and competitive transitions in the 1990s. Engineering Management Journal, 6(4), 13-16. Yates, J.K. (1995) Competition beyond the Year 2000 in the EC Industry, Engineering Management Journal, 7(1), 33-37. Zhi, H. (1995) Risk management for overseas construction projects. International Journal of Project Management, 13(4), 231-237.